ABSTRACT
Objective: To explore the regulatory effect of malt alkaloid on prolactin (PRL) secretion in the model rat with postpartum hypogalactia induced by bromocriptine based on dopamine D2 receptor, and determine the active fraction of the malt with galactogogue effect. Methods: The postpartum hypogalactia model was established by intragastric administration of bromocriptine mesylate. After the model was successfully established, all groups were given corresponding drug treatment. The concentration of serum PRL, estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) in each group was detected by ELISA kits. HE staining was used to observe the pathologic changes of breast tissue. RT-PCR was used to determine the mRNA levels of prolactin receptor (PRLR) and dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) in pituitary gland of rats. Results: Compared with the control group, the levels of serum PRL, P, and E2 were significantly decreased in the model group as well as the mRNA expression of the pituitary PRL cells. But the mRNA expression of the pituitary DRD2 in the model group was significantly increased compared with the control group. Compared with the model group, the malt total alkaloid significantly increased the volume of mammary lobule and dilated the duct. There was a lot of milk in the duct and acinar in the malt total alkaloid group. Besides, the total alkaloids increased the concentration of serum PRL, P, and E2 and the mRNA expression of the pituitary PRL cells, and decreased the mRNA expression of the pituitary DRD2. Conclusion: The primary the active fraction of malt for galactogogue action is total alkaloids, and its mechanism may be related to promoting PRL secretion, increasing serum PRL receptor level and decreasing the mRNA expression of dopamine D2 receptor.
ABSTRACT
Objective:This paper analyzed the prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） for all patients diagnosed with novel coronavirus pneumonia（corona virus disease-2019，COVID-19）in Wuhan third hospital，analyzed the medication rules of the prescription，summarized the characteristics and thoughts of medication，and discussed the contents of TCM pharmaceutical care. Method:Use the data analysis software Excel 2007 and SQL server 2017 to perform statistical analysis for all inpatients in Wuhan Third Hospital from January 25，2020 to March 18，2020 who were treated by the prescriptions of TCM. The usage quantity，frequency，average dosage and dosage range of TCM were counted and compared with the dosage stipulated in the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Result:In this study，a total of 875 patients were included in the treatment prescription，involving 233 TCMs，and 20 high-frequency herbs were obtained，which were mainly used to dissolve phlegm，relieve cough and asthma，and tonify body. In the analysis of the characteristics of TCM，it is mainly composed of plain drugs，followed by cold drugs and warm drugs. The main taste of medicine is bitter，followed by spicy and sweet. The main meridians were the lung meridians，followed by the spleen and stomach meridians. By using association rule analysis and complex network analysis，it was found that the correlation degree of Artemisiae Scopariae Herba，Amomi Fructus Rotundus，Akebiae Caulis，Talcum and Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus was very high，which could treat symptoms such as fever，cough，sputum，thirst，chest tightness and abdominal distension after COVID-19 infection. Conclusion:In this study，it was found that the core prescription for the treatment of COVID-19 in Wuhan Third Hospital was the addition and reduction of clearing damp agent，modified Ganlu Xiaodudan，and the reduction of expectorant modified Qingjin Jianghuotang，all the drugs were excess used than pharmacopoeia prescribed dosage. As a clinical Chinese pharmacist，we should distinguish the syndrome types according to the symptoms of the patients，and medication monitoring should be conducted from the aspects of usage and dosage of specific medication，processing product selection，compatibility，patient education，etc.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To analyze the clinical efficacy of Shufeng Jiedu Capsule (SFJD capsule) combined with western medicine in the treatment of common coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Method:By the usage propensity score matching, the clinical data of COVID-19 patients with common COVID-19 admitted to Wuhan third hospital from January 27, 2020 (solstice) to March 5, 2020, were screened out. Thirty-four patients with SFJD capsule combined with conventional therapy according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in treatment group, and 34 patients treated with conventional therapy were enrolled in control group. The disappearance rate of main symptoms (fever, cough, expectoration and fatigue), days of syndrome disappearance, effective rate and disappearance rate of other symptoms, laboratory indexes before treatment and after 7 days′ treatment, effective rate of computed tomography (CT) of the lungs, rate of COVID-19 severe transformation and hospitalization time between the two groups were compared. Result:The baseline data between the two groups showed no statistically significant difference, and was comparable. After 7 days of treatment, the symptom disappearance rate of cough, sputum, fatigue, chest tightness and panting in treatment group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). The average days of disappearance of main symptoms in treatment group was significantly less than that in control group (P<0.05). The effective rate of main symptom was significantly higher than control group (P<0.05). In treatment group, 8.8%（3/34） of the patients were transferred to severe disease, while 26.5%（9/34） of the patients in control group were transferred to severe disease, with statistically significant differences. After treatment for 7 days, lymphocytes in treatment group significantly increased (P<0.05), C-reactive protein significantly decreased (P<0.05), procalcitonin level significantly decreased (P<0.05), and D-dimer level significantly decreased (P<0.05), while lymphocytes in control group significantly increased (P<0.05), and c-reactive protein significantly decreased (P<0.05). The improvement rate of pulmonary CT in treatment group was 91.2%（31/34）, which was significantly higher than 70.6%（24/34） in control group (P<0.05). After treatment, both groups were cured and discharged, the average length of stay in treatment group was (15.53±2.63) d, which was (16.35±4.98) d in control group，with no statistically significant difference. No adverse events occurred in treatment group, but 3 cases occurred in control group. Conclusion:SFJD capsule combined with western medicine can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of normal COVID-19 patients, such as cough, sputum, fatigue, chest distress and shortness of breath, alleviate the main symptoms effectively, regulate the expressions of relevant peripheral inflammation, promote the absorption of lung inflammation, and improve the cure rate, which indicates that SFJD capsule can be effectively in the treatment of patients with common COVID-19.